July 23, 2023
Mohenjo
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Scientists are raising alarms about the risk of simultaneous crop failures occurring in multiple regions across the globe as a result of human-driven climate change, a catastrophe that poses an underestimated threat to the global food supply, reports a new study.
Using sophisticated climate models, researchers zeroed in on the effects of the jet stream, a system of rapidly flowing winds in the atmosphere, on heat extremes around the world. The results revealed that “meandering” jet stream patterns can produce weather anomalies in some of the most important crop-producing lands on Earth, an ominous signal that “synchronized” harvest collapses could occur in the future.
Climate change, which is driven by human consumption of fossil fuels, is placing enormous new pressures on humans and other lifeforms on the planet. In particular, rising temperatures are fueling more intense extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, droughts, floods, wildfires, and storms, all of which have adverse effects on food production worldwide. Given that disruptions to the global food supply can be deadly, especially for import-reliant nations, scientists have been galvanized to better understand the complex risks that climate change poses to global crop yields.
To that end, scientists led by climate scientist Kai Kornhuber from Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory set out to study meandering jet streams, which are especially wavy wind patterns in the sky that have remained a wild card in climate and crop models.
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Image: skaman306 via Getty Images
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July 22, 2023
Mohenjo
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As a physical therapist in Shanghai, Zheng Wang worked with people recovering from strokes after their brains had been damaged by oxygen deprivation. They usually followed a predictable recovery pattern, making lots of progress over the first few visits, then hitting a wall. Patients asked when they’d finally feel normal, and Wang told them that they’d get better with time. “But actually,” he remembers, “I knew from the bottom of my heart that they wouldn’t improve much, no matter how hard we tried.”
Meanwhile, halfway across the world, Marc Dalecki, then an associate professor in the School of Kinesiology at Louisiana State University (LSU), couldn’t stop thinking about oxygen. Dalecki spent much of his early career studying scuba diving, and remembers divers using nasal cannulas of O2 to help with everything from hypoxia to headaches. He always wondered whether this simple treatment could help neurological patients in rehab. “I promised myself that I would study it when I got my own research lab,” he says.
For its relatively small size, the brain consumes a ridiculous amount of power: 20 to 30 percent of the body’s energy at rest. To fuel all of its neurons, the brain depends on oxygen. When someone has a stroke or a head injury, the flow of oxygenated blood to the brain gets disrupted. Starved of oxygen, the brain tissue is damaged, leading to a host of problems with memory, speech, strength, and motor control.
Rehabilitation from brain trauma usually involves working with a physical therapist to relearn motor skills, building up the strength and coordination required for daily activities, like making coffee, writing, and brushing your teeth. Many physical therapists already use high-tech devices to help patients recover faster, from robots that move impaired limbs to virtual reality games that simulate aspects of day-to-day life that can’t be easily replicated in a hospital setting. But Wang and Dalecki both wondered whether oxygen could be the simple, cheap, accessible addition to neurological rehabilitation they’d been looking for. If they could give patients a little extra oxygen during early motor rehab sessions, they thought, it might help them relearn old skills faster.
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Photograph: RAJAAISYA/Getty Images
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July 22, 2023
Mohenjo
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Russia has suspended participation in a deal that let Ukraine ship its grain through its ports on the Black Sea, upending a pact that mitigated a global food crisis. Russia’s exit could again threaten food prices, and food insecurity, worldwide.
Since withdrawing on Monday, Russia has launched strikes against Odesa, one of three critical Black Sea ports that exported Ukrainian grain and other agricultural products under the Black Sea Grain Initiative. On Wednesday, the Russian Ministry of Defense said it would consider any ship bound for Ukraine to potentially be carrying military cargo, suggesting commercial ships could be deemed targets.
The White House said Wednesday it has information indicating that Russia has laid additional sea mines in the approaches toward Ukrainian ports. “We believe that this is rather a coordinated effort to justify any attacks against civilian ships in the Black Sea, and then blame them on Ukraine in what we would consider — and have in the past talked about considering — a false flag operation,” White House National Security Council spokesperson John Kirby told reporters Thursday.
This apparent escalation from Russia is another blow to the grain deal brokered less than a year ago by Turkey and the United Nations. Russia had already been substantially obstructing the deal, but quitting it officially will make it even more challenging to export Ukrainian grain. That could destabilize global food prices and jeopardize the most food-insecure countries and populations, which often rely on agricultural exports. Russia’s decision to quit the deal, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said, “will strike a blow to people in need everywhere.” On Wednesday, wheat prices surged to some of the highest levels since the invasion in February 2022.
Indeed, this deal existed to help avert a greater global crisis in food security, of which Russia’s war in Ukraine is just one part. Eliminating Ukrainian supplies may tighten agricultural markets and potentially put more pressure on places experiencing hunger emergencies. The World Food Program (WFP) estimates about 345 million people face high levels of food insecurity in 2023, with about 129,000 people potentially confronting famine in places like Burkina Faso, Mali, Somalia, and South Sudan.
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The Turkish bulk carrier TQ SAMSUN, loaded with Ukrainian agricultural products as part of the Grain Initiative, leaves the Port of Odesa, southern Ukraine, on July 16.Yulii Zozulia/Ukrinform/Future Publishing via Getty Images
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July 22, 2023
Mohenjo
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July 21, 2023
Mohenjo
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AccuWeather meteorologists say the storms could worsen flooding problems and lead to travel issues in parts of the region. However, some drier and cooler weather is expected to develop in the coming days.
A new storm that was swinging through the north-central United States Thursday will eventually reach the Northeast, where it will trigger more downpours that may renew dangerous and damaging flash flooding to end this week, AccuWeather meteorologists warn.
Many locations in the Northeast have experienced relentless rounds of showers and thunderstorms in recent weeks. Some places have picked up one to three months’ worth of rain over the course of just one to three days.
In cities such as Worcester, Massachusetts, and Albany, New York, this month is already one of the wettest Julys on record. This July is currently the fourth-wettest on record in Worcester, with 9.89 inches of rain. Albany has picked up 9.59 inches of rain so far this month and may soon break the monthly record of 9.91 inches that was established in 2009.
As a result of the ongoing downpours, the ground cannot handle any more rain in many locations. Even moderate amounts of rainfall could renew flooding problems on area streams.
“While most areas of the Northeast will see anywhere from 0.50 of an inch to 1 inch of rainfall from Friday to Friday night, the combination of localized downpours, saturated soil, and ongoing high water levels along many streams will increase the risk for flash flooding,” AccuWeather Senior Meteorologist Brett Anderson said.
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Flood damaged cars
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July 21, 2023
Mohenjo
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That is just about all for another Wimbledon Championships!
What a final day we have had.
At the end of it all, Carlos Alcaraz and Marketa Vondrousova are your men’s and women’s singles champions for 2023.
You can stay on this page to follow the conclusion of the women’s doubles final on Center Court.
Or, head over to our dedicated tennis page to find reports, highlights, and reaction to today’s action.
Thanks for your company over the past fortnight.
Same again next year?
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It’s over!
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July 21, 2023
Mohenjo
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Unprecedented. Landmark. Unique. The superlatives fail to do justice to another potential indictment against Donald Trump − this one for allegedly trying to steal the 2020 election.
The case sails into legally and politically uncharted territory. No former president has ever faced criminal charges, but Trump could face his third case in a year after announcing Tuesday that he is the target of Justice Department special counsel Jack Smith’s investigation into potential election fraud. Another inquiry into election fraud waits in the wings, in Georgia.
Trump has dodged other bullets. He became the first president to be impeached twice and won acquittals in both Senate trials. He has pleaded not guilty in New York court to falsifying business records and in federal court to mishandling classified documents after leaving the White House, and he is trying to stave off trials until after the 2024 election.
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But the latest federal case could be the most serious. The allegations under investigation include trying to overturn the 2020 presidential election after losing the popular and Electoral College vote and disrupting the peaceful transfer of U.S. power for the first time in history.
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Another federal indictment threatens to engulf Donald Trump
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July 21, 2023
Mohenjo
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Scientists have identified the geological site that they say best reflects a proposed new epoch called the Anthropocene — a major step toward changing the official timeline of Earth’s history.
The term Anthropocene, first proposed in 2000 to reflect how profoundly human activity has altered the world, has become a commonly used academic buzzword uniting different fields of study.
“When it’s 8 billion people all having an impact on the planet, there’s bound to be a repercussion,” said Colin Waters, an honorary professor at the Geography, Geology, and the Environment School at the University of Leicester and chair of the Anthropocene Working Group.
“We’ve moved into this new Earth state and that should be defined by a new geological epoch,” Waters added.
The AWG, a group currently comprised of 35 geologists, has been working since 2009 to make the Anthropocene part of Earth’s official timeline. The group determined in 2016 that the Anthropocene epoch began around 1950 — the start of the era of nuclear weapons tests, the geochemical traces of which can be found around the world. Since then, the researchers have considered 12 sites that could provide the key piece of evidence needed to support their proposal, nine of which were put to a vote.
On Tuesday, the scientists announced the geological site — Crawford Lake in Ontario, Canada — that best captures the geological impact of the Anthropocene, according to their research.
However, not everyone agrees the Anthropocene is a geological reality — or that researchers have enough evidence to formally declare it a new epoch.
The geologic time scale provides the official framework for our understanding of Earth’s 4.5 billion-year history. Geologists break down our planet’s history into eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages — with an eon being the largest chunk of time and an age the shortest.
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Crawford Lake in Ontario, Canada, is the geological site that best reflects a new epoch recognizing the impact of human activity on Earth, said geologists of the Antrhopocene Working Group.
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July 21, 2023
Mohenjo
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The James Webb Space Telescope has enabled astronomers to see things they can’t explain.
At least, not yet.
In new research from Webb — the most powerful space observatory ever built — astronomers spent 50 hours peering into the deepest cosmos, and spotted some of the first galaxies ever formed, well over 13 billion years ago. Capturing such a rich cosmic vista, with the faintest objects humanity has ever glimpsed, is an impressive feat. But the data also reveals that these primeval galaxies emitted a phenomenal amount of energy into space — 10 times more than scientists predicted.
The “key” question is how these nascent galaxies achieved this, Pablo G. Pérez-González, an astrophysicist at the Center for Astrobiology in Spain, said in a statement. Strange black holes? Lively stars? Pérez-González is an author of the research, which was published in the scientific journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
The Webb telescope is an extremely sensitive instrument, with the ability to capture some of the farthest away light in space. That’s because Webb views a type of light we can’t see, called infrared, which travels in longer wavelengths than visible light. Crucially, ancient light is stretched as the universe expands, meaning it has changed and “redshifted.”
The powerful Webb, then, can see the energy created by early galaxies. The astronomers identified 44 galaxies that likely formed during the first 500 million years of the universe. Originally, this energy was emitted in the form of ultraviolet light, but it has also been stretched to infrared.
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The James Webb Space Telescope captured imagery of some of the deepest, and most ancient, galaxies in the universe. Credit: Pierluigi Rinaldi / Rafael Navarro-Carrera / Pablo G. Pérez-González
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July 21, 2023
Mohenjo
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