James' World 2

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Just last week, OpenAI shared scary details about how a group of its models went rogue and plundered the servers of another organization. Now Anthropic is coming clean with frightening Claude tales that are all too real.

In a detailed report, Anthropic describes a trio of incidents, including one occurring as early as April, of Claude models hacking outside companies over the internet during “capture-the-flag” exercises designed to test their capabilities.

In one incident, Claude Opus 4.7 hacked into an outside production database over the internet, and continued the hack even after realizing the company it was attacking was real. 

In another occurrence, Claude Mythos 5 uploaded a bogus Python package to PyPI, the public Python repository. The malicious package was downloaded and installed by 15 real-world companies, including a security firm, Anthropic admitted.

In the third attack, an internal Claude model that was never released used “basic and well-known cyberattack techniques” to hack a company’s “internet-facing application,” assuming it was part of the “capture-the-flag” exercise. The silver lining is that the Claude model stopped attacking once it realized the target company was real.

In each case, the Claude models were supposed to be operating in walled-off test environments with no internet access. But Anthropic now says the models actually could reach the internet due to a human “misconfiguration,” leading the models to believe that the real companies they were attacking were part of their training exercises.

So, are we talking another case of “frontier” AI models run amok? For its part, Anthropic is blaming human error for the real-world hack attacks, not the models themselves.

“We saw no evidence in any run described here of a model pursuing a goal of its own,” the Anthropic post-mortem said. “Instead, the models did what their evaluation asked — though in most cases, they did so while holding a false belief about whether the environment was real.”

Anthropic went on to declare its “cautious optimism” that the “risk” of similar AI attacks happening again “can be overcome” with “tighter monitoring and controls around evaluation infrastructure.”

Still, the just-revealed Claude incidents illustrate one of the biggest fears of advanced AI: namely, that with the wrong instructions and/or a false sense of “situational awareness,” even the best-intentioned AI models are capable of doing very bad things.

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Credit: Ben Patterson/Foundry

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After a spate of bad polls earlier this summer, President Trump simply declared that they were not true. “MY REAL POLL NUMBERS ARE THE HIGHEST THEY HAVE EVER BEEN,” he wrote on social media, using capital letters as if they would shout away any contrary data.

In fact, his real poll numbers are at or near the lowest they have ever been in some nonpartisan surveys. A flurry of new samples in recent days found that Mr. Trump is at the nadir of his presidency, with support from just around a third of Americans as a stalemated war in Iran and high gas prices take a political toll.

The latest surveys indicate that Mr. Trump is now all but the most unpopular second-term president at this stage of their tenure in the history of polling going back to the 1940s. The only exception is not one that would give Mr. Trump much solace: Richard M. Nixon had even less public support at this stage in his second term, but at that point he was just days away from resigning over the Watergate scandal.

These kinds of poll numbers would throw a normal White House into panic mode, especially coming just three months before a midterm election. Someone might be fired. A speech might be written. A new set of policies might be devised. But Mr. Trump has never been a normal president, and he does not react to political circumstances in the same way his predecessors have. Through force of will and command over his MAGA base, he has traditionally played a weak hand strong.

“He’s always going to project strength regardless what the numbers are, and he’ll say they’re fake anyway,” said Douglas Heye, a longtime Republican strategist, adding that he did not expect any switch in political strategy. “Short of him screaming and throwing something at a staffer, that’s it.”

It is, of course, hard to have a course correction if it is not entirely clear what the course was to begin with. The most impulsive president of modern times, Mr. Trump follows his instincts and can completely reverse himself by the day, or sometimes the hour.

It has worked well enough for him that he has dominated American politics for more than a decade. Even though he won a plurality in 2024, Mr. Trump has never won a majority of the popular vote in any of his three elections nor enjoyed support from a majority in Gallup polling at any point of either term. Yet he has governed as if he were a more popular president.

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A flurry of new samples in recent days found that Mr. Trump is at the nadir of his presidency. Credit…Kenny Holston/The New York Times

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We all have some past events that we’d like to undo. These can be minor moments, such as a failed exam or an argument with friends, or world-changing incidents, such as the 2019 outbreak that led to the COVID pandemic.

Outside of science-fiction stories, we have yet to encounter time travelers (so much for changing the past). But various scientific disciplines, from physics and mathematics to philosophy, have been exploring the topic for decades.

The basis for most ideas around potential time travel lies in Albert Einstein’s special and general theories of relativity, which he published in 1905 and 1915, respectively. With these theories, he turned our understanding of the world upside down. According to Einstein, time and space are not static quantities but can be stretched or compressed depending on the situation. In other words, a steel rod is not the same length everywhere and at all times, and a second can sometimes pass very quickly and sometimes very slowly.

The latter may sound familiar—an hour of school or work can drag on, while an hour with friends flies by. But Einstein wasn’t concerned with the perception of time; he was talking about its actual duration. For example, according to relativity, a second on the Earth’s surface differs from a second on a satellite orbiting it.

Travel into the Future thanks to Rapid Movement

Einstein’s special theory of relativity makes time travel possible—but only into the future. As the physicist discovered, clocks run slower for moving observers. So if you board a spaceship for a five-year-long round trip through space, and the craft travels at 97 percent of the speed of light, a good 20 years will have passed on Earth when you return. That’s why, after 11 months on the International Space Station, NASA astronaut Scott Kelly is now an additional 13 milliseconds younger than his twin, who remained on Earth.

It’s not only motion that can make time pass more slowly or quickly, however; gravity or acceleration can also do so. This is because of Einstein’s insight that gravity is a geometric effect: mass and energy (which are equivalent, according to E = mc²) curve spacetime, which in turn controls the direction of motion of massive objects. You can imagine that heavy objects such as stars leave a depression in spacetime, which is why other massive objects such as planets are attracted to them.

And because massive objects warp spacetime so dramatically, time passes more slowly in their vicinity. This idea is explored in Christopher Nolan’s film Interstellar. In the movie, one of the protagonists travels to the vicinity of a black hole in search of a habitable planet for humanity. While only a few months pass for him as he explores the area, his daughter, who is still on Earth, ages by several decades.

Journeys into the Past

Technically, the equations of general relativity also allow for backward time travel through the existence of so-called closed timelike curves. Traveling along these curves, one starts at a point in spacetime, moves backward into the past, and ultimately returns to their starting point in place and time. Dutch mathematician Willem Jacob van Stockum was the first to discover this possibility in 1937.

Why did more than 20 years pass between the development of general relativity and this insight? Einstein’s theory allows for numerous solutions, and each one describes a different universe.

When Einstein published his results in 1915, researchers rushed to find the solution that would correspond as closely as possible to our cosmos. But this is no easy task. The calculations are often extremely complex, and many properties of our universe remain uncertain. What shape does it have, for example? And how is mass distributed within it?

The Einstein field equations that underly general relativity are differential equations. This means they describe how certain functions change depending on several quantities: for example, how the curvature of space varies over time and space. Summarized, the equations can be expressed in an almost innocuous-sounding form: G_μν + Λg_μν = 8πG/c⁴× T_μν.

The lefthand side of that equation deals with the geometry of space, where Λ represents the cosmological constant (which accounts for the accelerating expansion of the universe). The righthand side, meanwhile, encompasses the matter-containing part and explains how massive objects move in space and, in turn, influence it. Behind all these variables lie complex expressions, including differential operators such as derivatives.

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A new type of autonomous, and hybrid‑powered uncrewed ground vehicles is set to boost the battle power of the U.S. Army. For this, American Rheinmetall has been awarded an 18-month contract for the U.S. Army’s Project Sustainment effort.

American Rheinmetall will deliver next‑generation uncrewed ground vehicle (UGV) capabilities that strengthen the Army’s tactical sustainment operations and support its broader modernization objectives.

Plug-in hybrid defense vehicle

The U.S. Army has selected Harbinger’s plug-in hybrid defense vehicle as the basis for American Rheinmetall’s autonomous unmanned ground vehicle (UGVs) contract.

The vehicles will autonomously transport supplies to and from the forward line of troops, reducing risk to soldiers and increasing operational efficiency in contested environments.

American Rheinmetall revealed that under Project Sustainment, it will provide hybrid‑powered, autonomous UGVs designed to support company‑sized element sustainment missions. These vehicles will autonomously transport supplies to and from the forward line of troops, reducing risk to Soldiers and increasing operational efficiency in contested environments.

“This award expands American Rheinmetall’s growing portfolio of uncrewed ground systems within the U.S. market and reinforces our position as a leader in ground robotics and autonomous technologies,” said Jim Schirmer, VP of Sales & Marketing, American Rheinmetall.

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The hybrid vehicle platform exemplifies how proven commercial technologies can be rapidly adapted to meet the evolving needs of the U.S. military. (Representational image) Harbinger

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Hmmmm … Trump Administration wasting money on icebreakers!

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Late one night last August, Alexander Stubb, the president of Finland, was at his summer residence two hours west of Helsinki when his phone rang. On the other end of the line was President Trump, calling with a request.

He wanted to buy a fleet of massive ships designed to cut through Arctic ice.

Mr. Trump had long fixated on these hulking vessels, known as polar icebreakers. He viewed them as crucial to dominating the Arctic, where rising temperatures have put key shipping lanes and vast mineral wealth up for grabs. And he was incensed that the United States possessed far fewer than Russia.

Two months later, Mr. Trump and Mr. Stubb were sitting in the Oval Office to announce a deal for 11 icebreakers, worth almost $7 billion, to be built by shipyards in both countries.

The arrangement was unusual in various ways.

The number was twice as many as the Coast Guard, which manages America’s fleet, had said it needed. The contracts for building the ships would be awarded without competitive bids. And while seven of the ships are expected to be built in the United States, the first four would be built in Finland, requiring Mr. Trump to waive a law prohibiting the construction of national security vessels overseas.

At that moment, though, none of that mattered. Mr. Trump wanted more icebreakers, and he wanted them from Finland.

“Other countries have more than we do,” Mr. Trump proclaimed as he sat with the Finnish leader, “and we’re buying the finest icebreakers in the world.”

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President Trump announced a deal to buy 11 icebreakers, some of them from Finland, during an Oval Office meeting with President Alexander Stubb. Credit…Kenny Holston/The New York Times

 

The story behind Mr. Trump’s personal intervention in Coast Guard ships provides new insights into how his administration has cut corners and flouted rules in pursuit of projects that suit the president’s desires, regardless of whether they fit any broader strategic rationale.

The reliance on no-bid contracts, usually reserved for highly specialized or urgent needs, mirrors other recent Trump-driven projects — ranging in scale from renovations to the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool to a $1.3 billion deal to build a migrant detention center.

A New York Times examination of the Coast Guard deal found it relied on personal appeals from Finland’s president and Mr. Trump’s own view of what constitutes national greatness, along with a fascination with polar icebreakers dating back to a chance encounter in Finland long before he would ever run for president.

It also came with no plan to pay for the infrastructure required to support the 11 new ships or the crews to sail them. Those costs are likely to reach into the billions, according to Coast Guard documents.

Much of the funding is set to come from money set aside for border security in the Republicans’ spending law passed last year, the “One Big Beautiful Bill,” which gave the administration wide latitude to pour billions into its priorities with little oversight.

To justify no-bid contracts for icebreakers, the Trump administration invoked a rarely used exemption claiming the awards are in the “public interest” — allowing the government to skip competition while saying little publicly about its rationale.

“We haven’t seen any information or analysis to justify the 11 or to assess the long-term affordability of these decisions,” said Shelby S. Oakley, director of contracting and national security acquisitions for the nonpartisan U.S. Government Accountability Office.

The Coast Guard, she said, risks ending up “like a lottery winner who spends all their money buying the mansion, and then goes broke once they realize they don’t have the money to maintain it.”

Administration officials broadly defended the ships as essential for national security. Polar icebreakers allow the Coast Guard to maintain what it calls “presence” in the Arctic — monitoring foreign vessels operating in the region’s increasingly strategic waterways.

“President Trump is restoring America’s status as a great Arctic power after previous administrations allowed our ships and Arctic capacity to rust and decay,” Allie McCandless, a spokeswoman for the White House Office of Management and Budget, said in a statement.

The commandant of the Coast Guard, Admiral Kevin E. Lunday, said the service abided by laws and regulations “to ensure appropriate stewardship of taxpayer dollars.”

“The number 11 came directly from the president,” Admiral Lunday told The Times. He said the Coast Guard provided input, but added: “This was the president’s number and the president’s decision.”

The president has bragged about the deal.

“I’m gonna be there at the dedication,” he told graduates at the United States Coast Guard Academy in May. “They have been trying to get icebreakers for years and years, and no president was able to provide them with what you need to get it done.”

A Golf Game, and a Gift

Mr. Trump’s interest in Finnish icebreakers can be traced back more than 30 years.

The future president, then a hotel and casino mogul facing bankruptcies in New York and Atlantic City, flew to Helsinki in 1992 to look for new ways to make money.

Mr. Trump was interested in buying a ship to turn into a floating casino, according to Juha Wiskari, a Finnish shipping executive who met with Mr. Trump and gave him a tour of one of his company’s vessels. Mr. Trump dropped the idea, Mr. Wiskari said in an interview, once he realized the cost of operating the ship would make it hard to turn a profit.

But the visit proved significant for another reason. Mr. Trump had seen Finnish icebreakers docked nearby and wondered what they were, another shipping executive, Martin Saarikangas, later told Finland’s public broadcaster. He recalled telling Mr. Trump that Finland had built about 60 percent of the world’s icebreakers.

Vesa Laitinen for The New York Times

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A remarkable dance occurs between the flowers of avocado trees every spring: they change sex daily, moving from female to male or male to female, then back before the next morning. Botanist A. B. Stout observed this reproductive strategy as early as 1927, but researchers couldn’t explain how it worked until now.

All avocado trees (Persea americana) are cosexual, or hermaphrodites, meaning they contain both sexes in one plant. A-type trees begin with flowers in the female phase (receptive to pollen) in the morning and change to the male phase (producing pollen) in the afternoon of the next day. B-types operate on a different timing, making them male in the morning and female in the afternoon. For a new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Jeffrey Groh, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, and his colleagues pinpointed a single protein-coding gene that lets A- and B-type trees inherit the sex-swapping behavior. The protein produced activates a host of additional genes to coordinate flowers opening and closing in rhythm to aid the trees’ reproductive strategy, letting “the whole tree [pulse] female to male or male to female,” he says.

Cathy Rushworth, a plant evolutionary geneticist at Utah State University, who was not involved in the study, says the gene region in question shows a very clear signal in this work—almost like it can “glow in the dark.” Tools to reveal this level of detailed genetic information, she adds, have only recently become available and inexpensive enough to see wider use.

Flowering plants, called angiosperms, employ an immense diversity of reproductive strategies. And while the strategy used by avocados is found in a few other species in the same family, the researchers determined that it was not driven by the same mechanism in, for instance, the distantly-related true cinnamon. This, they say, indicates that it likely evolved separately multiple times. The genetic evidence suggests avocados’ ancestors picked the habit up about 40 million years ago.

“Through the power of genetics,” he says, “we can detect traces of this rhythm far into the ancient past, a humbling reminder that our own experience of this beautiful phenomenon is just a tiny sliver of its evolutionary history.”

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A clock aboard a fast-moving spacecraft does not break, lag, or malfunction. It ticks normally for everyone inside. Hearts beat, coffee cools, and hair grows at the usual pace.

Yet when the travelers return, they may have aged far less than people who stayed on Earth.

That unsettling result does not come from radiation, weightlessness or some hidden effect of space travel. It comes from the structure of time itself. According to special relativity, observers moving at different speeds can experience different amounts of time between the same events.

The idea sounds remote until you consider that nothing is ever truly still. Earth moves around the sun at roughly 30 kilometers per second. The sun circles the Milky Way at about 230 kilometers per second. The galaxy moves through the universe at hundreds of kilometers per second more.

Those speeds do not provide a universal measure of motion. Physics offers no fixed background against which everything else can be judged. Motion only has meaning relative to another object. 

No observer owns the correct viewpoint

Place two people in otherwise empty space and let them drift apart at half the speed of light. One person can say the other is moving. The second person can make the same claim in return.

Neither observer has privileged access to an absolute state of rest.

That principle once seemed like a technical detail. It became a crisis when physicists tried to understand light. Under ordinary experience, speeds add together. A ball thrown forward on a moving train travels faster relative to the ground than a ball thrown from a stationary platform.

Light refused to follow that rule.

Measurements taken in different directions and at different times of year returned the same result. Earth’s movement did not change the measured speed of light. The value remained 299,792,458 meters per second.

That consistency forced a radical choice. If motion remained relative and light traveled at the same speed for every observer, then familiar ideas about distance and time could not remain fixed.

In 1905, Albert Einstein developed the framework that became special relativity while working in a Swiss patent office. His solution joined space and time into a single structure known as spacetime.

Time could no longer serve as one universal clock for the entire universe.

Motion changes the passage of time

One way to picture relativity is to think of movement as divided between space and time. An object sitting still relative to an observer moves only through time from that observer’s viewpoint. Once the object begins moving through space, the amount of time recorded along its path changes.

The faster the spatial motion, the less time passes for the moving object compared with a stationary observer.

This effect is called time dilation.

Nothing feels unusual to the traveler. Each second still feels like one second. Local clocks agree with nearby heartbeats, chemical reactions and everyday events. The difference appears when the traveler’s clock is compared with a clock that followed another path through spacetime.

Consider a spacecraft heading toward a star 10 light-years away at 99 percent of light speed. From Earth, the trip lasts slightly more than 10 years. People watching from home see the ship cross the enormous distance.

The crew experiences about 1.4 years.

Their clocks do not suddenly tick in slow motion from their own perspective. Life aboard the spacecraft proceeds normally. The crew simply records fewer elapsed seconds between departure and arrival than observers on Earth.

At 99.9999 percent of light speed, the contrast becomes more dramatic. The travelers could experience the 10-light-year journey in roughly five days. A round trip could leave them only about two weeks older while approximately 20 years passed on Earth.

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Einstein’s relativity explains why fast travelers age more slowly and why time never passes at one universal rate. (CREDIT: Wikimedia / AI-Generated / CC BY-SA 4.0)

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Giant utility deals do not come along often. Mergers in this heavily regulated industry require approvals from multiple agencies and often face pushback from politicians and local civic groups worried about rising electricity prices.

But two of the largest power companies in the United States, NextEra Energy and Dominion Energy, are giving it a try, with a $67 billion tie-up announced in May. Sysco, the big food distributor, also went big in March with the $29 billion acquisition of Jetro Restaurant Depot, a supplier to independent restaurants, a deal that could reshape the food supply industry. And this month, Stripe and the private equity firm Advent International offered about $53 billion to acquire PayPal, in what would be one of the largest-ever deals in financial services.

Companies across America are seizing on what may be the most favorable regulatory environment for businesses in years to complete deals that might have been unlikely under previous presidencies. The rush is on to get them done before President Trump’s term runs out.

“There is a ‘now or never’ attitude for attempting transformational combinations,” lawyers at Hunton Andrews Kurth wrote in a note this year.

Although Mr. Trump plays no formal role in approving most mergers, he has publicly weighed in on deals. Some executives, recognizing that the administration is more transactional than its predecessors, have stopped by the White House during their efforts to get his administration’s blessing for them.

The regulators the president has appointed to oversee deals have taken a more flexible approach. For example, the Justice Department said last week that it would fast-track its review of some mergers, asking fewer questions upfront. That new policy was a sign the department was “open for business,” lawyers at Wilmer Hale wrote in a memo for clients.

“You have a federal antitrust enforcement regime that is viewed generally as meaningfully more accommodative than the Biden administration,” said Edward Lee, a partner at the law firm Kirkland & Ellis. “Obviously, or in terms of dealmakers and dealmaking animal spirits, that’s always a good thing.”

Analysts at Goldman Sachs said they expected busy deal activity to continue into the second half of the year, citing, among other factors, a “friendly” regulatory backdrop. The firm’s list of potential targets for acquisitions include the copper company Freeport-McMoRan, as the building of A.I. data centers increases demand for the metal. Analysts expect the boom in data centers to spur other deals as well, particularly in power and energy.

Banking executives have picked up talks about merging their own businesses, as regulators have unwound the Biden administration’s efforts to make those deals harder. There has long been a debate about how stringently to monitor banking deals, because some critics argue they could force the closure of vital community branches or consolidate risk among fewer banks. Some, though, including former Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen, have argued that more consolidation among the roughly 4,100 small U.S. banks could help steady industry volatility.

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NextEra Energy, led by John Ketchum, its chief executive, and Dominion Energy announced their merger in May. Credit…Danielle Villasana/Reuters

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In French author Marcel Proust’s 1906 novel À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time), a bite of madeleine cake triggers a flood of childhood memories. Scientists call this phenomenon “Proust’s madeleine,” and it was even featured on The Sopranos. Now a study in PLOS Biology suggests these vivid memories of early childhood smells are encoded in very specific parts of the brain.

“Smells are exceptional cues for accessing autobiographical memories,” says the study’s co-senior author Nathalie Mandairon of the Lyon Neuroscience Research Center in France. Scientists suspected for decades that the phenomenon involved certain brain areas, specifically long-lived “granule” cells in the brain’s olfactory bulb, or smell center. These relatively tiny cells are created on the very first day of a child’s life and are primed to capture pleasurable smells from their first decade—which may explain why childhood memories evoked by smells can be so vivid even when they were thought to be forgotten.

Mandairon’s team surveyed more than 600 volunteers and found that most had remembered pleasant childhood experiences from the “Proust’s madeleine” phenomenon. The researchers then exposed mice to pleasing natural scents when they were about three to four weeks old, an age that roughly corresponds to early childhood in humans. Normal mice were drawn to the scents—but not mice whose granule cells had been silenced by optical fibers that the researchers implanted in the animals’ brains to switch these cells on and off.

The reaction confirmed that early smells are imprinted in the granule cells of the brain’s olfactory bulb, perhaps because these cells can make “privileged connections” with the brain areas for pleasure and reward, the study says. The human responses suggested that mainly positive memories are linked to the phenomenon.

Physical chemist Hervé This, director of France’s AgroParisTech-INRAE International Center for Molecular and Physical Gastronomy, says the study gives a “fascinating” explanation of the brain areas involved. But he would have liked to see it account for negative childhood memories as well because “unpleasantness is equally significant.” He adds that he has experienced the phenomenon himself: pâté lorrain has to be cooked for exactly one hour to match the taste from his childhood.

Another expert, however, broadly welcomes the study but thinks that the singular role of smell in memory may only be an illusion: Every sense has the power to evoke strong memories, says biophysicist Luca Turin of England’s University of Buckingham. “The only peculiarity of smell [is] that it is like a password and needs to be exact,” he adds.

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Hmmmm … Central Park covers approx 843 acres in Manhattan. Check it out! It has an interesting history!

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The Gottesman Pool at the Davis Center, managed by NYC Parks, is the City’s newest public pool—offering free swimming to all in the beauty of Central Park.

Come cool off with NYC Parks this summer: Swim season runs from June 27–September 13, 2026.

Hours:
Open daily, 11:00 am–7:00 pm (closed from 3:00 pm–4:00 daily for cleaning)
*Adult lap swimming hours: Monday–Friday, 7:00 am–8:30 am (Registration is required at nycgovparks.org)

Learn To Swim

NYC Parks offers free swimming lessons at recreation centers across the City—including the Gottesman Pool at the Davis Center. Registration for this popular program takes place by lottery. Learn to Swim classes are held for tots and one guardian, and for children. You may enter the lottery once per session.

Lottery results will be confirmed on the last day of each registration date. Check your email from NYC Parks for confirmation.

Registration Dates

You must enter the lottery before the following date for a chance to be selected:

Registration for all programs started at noon on Friday, June 12, 2026.

• Session I Registration: ends Friday, June 26, 2026
• Session II Registration: ends on Wednesday, July 8, 2026.
• Session III Registration: ends on Friday, July 24, 2026.
• Advanced Child Learn to Swim Registration: ends on Thursday, August 20, 2026.

Program Dates

• Session I: July 6–July 21, 2026
• Session II: July 22–August 6, 2026
• Session III: August 7–August 21, 2026
• Advanced Child Learn to Swim: August 24–August 28, 2026

This program is managed by NYC Parks. For more information, visit nycgovparks.org or call the Citywide Aquatics team at 718.760.6969.

Adult Lap Swimming

July 6–August 28, 2026
Mondays–Fridays | 7:00 am–8:30 am

Join us before the pool opens for early bird lap swimming! Swimmers also have the option to participate in a long-distance lap swim challenge while enjoying their morning swim. An awards ceremony will be held at the end of August to celebrate the health and fitness achievements of swimmers who complete 25 miles or more.

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Gottesman Pool at the Davis Center

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