July 15, 2014
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It is one of the big scientific mysteries of Alzheimer’s disease: Why do some people whose brains accumulate the plaques and tangles so strongly associated with Alzheimer’s not develop the disease?
Now, a series of studies by suggests a possible answer, one that could lead to new treatments if confirmed by other research.
The memory and thinking problems of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, which affect an estimated seven million Americans, may be related to a failure in the brain’s stress response system, the new research suggests. If this system is working well, it can protect the brain from abnormal Alzheimer’s proteins; if it gets derailed, critical areas of the brain start degenerating.
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An Alzheimer’s patient receiving help in Noblesville, Ind. It is not yet possible to measure the levels of a protein that is the focus of a study, a gene regulator called REST, in living people.
Darron Cummings / Associated Press
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March 20, 2014
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The conundrum has stumped doctors for years. Why do neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s affect only the elderly? Why do some people live to be over 100 with normal brain functioning while others develop dementia decades earlier?
Now, a new study by Harvard scientists points to a possible answer, one that could spark further research that — ultimately — could lead to new drugs and treatments for dementia.
Researchers have found that a protein active during fetal brain development, called REST, switches back on later in life to protect aging neurons from various stresses, including the toxic effects of abnormal proteins. But in those with Alzheimer’s and mild cognitive impairment, the protein — RE1-Silencing Transcription factor — is absent from key brain regions.
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