James' World 2

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An “interstellar object” is speeding toward the inner solar system, where Earth is located, astronomers have confirmed.

The object — likely a comet — was first detected in data collected between by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System, or ATLAS — an asteroid impact early warning system in Rio Hurtado, Chile, funded by NASA, the space agency announced on Tuesday.

Properties such as a marginal coma and short tail indicate signs of cometary activity, according to the Minor Planet Center.

Numerous telescopes have reported additional observations since the object was first reported, NASA said. Observations from three different ATLAS telescopes around the world — as well as the Zwicky Transient Facility at the Palomar Observatory in San Diego County, California — dating back to June 14 were gathered and provided data that supports the existence of the comet, according to a NASA update released Wednesday.

It appears to be originating from interstellar space, arriving from the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, and is currently about 420 million miles from Earth, according to NASA.

The comet poses no threat to Earth and will remain at a distance of at least 150 million miles, astronomers said. It is estimated to reach its closest approach to the sun around Oct. 30, where it will cross at about 130 million miles away, just inside the orbit of Mars, according to NASA.

The object, dubbed “A11pl3Z” or “3I/ATLAS,” spans approximately 25 miles, Josep Trigo-Rodriguez, as astrophysicist at the Institute of Space Sciences near Barcelona, Spain, told The Associated Press.

It’s traveling at a speed of about 152,000 mph and approaching the inner solar system from the bar of the Milky Way, Live Science reported. Its trajectory suggests it did not originate in this solar system, according to EarthSky.org.

This is only the third time in history that an interstellar object entering the inner solar system has been recorded.

A cigar-shaped interstellar object called “Oumuamua,” the Hawaiian word for “scout,” was detected in 2017. And in 2019, an object named “21/Borisov” — a comet that likely strayed from another star system — was located.

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The so-called moderate Republicans promised they would not slash Medicaid. Conservatives vowed not to explode the national debt. Party leaders insisted that they would not lump a jumble of unrelated policies into a single enormous piece of legislation and rush that bill through Congress before any reasonable person had time to read it.

But President Donald Trump wanted his “big, beautiful bill” enacted in time to sign it with a celebratory flourish on America’s birthday. And so nearly all GOP lawmakers in the House and Senate, setting aside these and many other pledges, principles, and policy demands, did what the president desired.

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Hmmmm…This administration is placing the USA behind the rest of the world in science!

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We tend to think something is either alive or not–unless we’re discussing Schrödinger’s cat. For something to be considered alive, we often think of anything that can reproduce, produce its own energy, and have homeostasis – from humans, to animals, to plants, and even single-celled organisms. However, the challenge comes when trying to define a virus. They don’t grow, or reproduce on their own, nor can make their own energy. But when it infects a host, they can do some pretty population-altering things, as we saw with COVID-19. Now, researchers from Canada and Japan have found something virus-like, but more ‘alive’ (Picture: Getty Images)

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Within an hour of receiving a COVID-19 vaccination in November 2020, Utah preschool teacher Brianne Dressen felt pins and needles through her arms and legs. In the medical odyssey that followed, she suffered double vision, chronic nausea, brain fog, and profound weakness. Once a rock climber, she became a couch potato.

Although Dressen’s symptoms were rare in that season of hundreds of millions of COVID-19 vaccinations, they were common enough to draw the attention of a National Institutes of Health neuroscientist named Avindra Nath, who examined Dressen and more than 30 other people with a similar syndrome in 2021. He recommended Dressen take steroids and antibodies — treatments that saved her life, she said.

And then, according to emails reviewed by KFF Health News, Nath said he couldn’t help anymore. His clinical study was ending. He directed the patients to seek local help. But, Dressen said, there wasn’t any.

Nath declined to speak to KFF Health News for this article. The FDA searched international vaccine safety databases for small-fiber neuropathy, one of the most common symptoms he mentioned in a write-up of the patients, and found it was less prevalent in vaccinated than in unvaccinated patients, said Peter Marks, who led the FDA division responsible for vaccines until Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. forced him out in May.

While it’s possible that Nath’s patients suffered covid vaccine injuries, Marks said, their symptoms were so varied it was hard to characterize a possible syndrome.

But for Dressen and others convinced the vaccines injured them, their experiences were symptomatic of a well-intentioned but flawed U.S. system for monitoring the rare ill effects of vaccines. The system isn’t well-funded enough to answer questions that people urgently want answered, and that can feed vaccine hesitancy, safety experts say.

Its shortcomings were on particular display during the mass vaccination campaigns of the pandemic, when even rare, serious side effects could affect thousands of people.

Now, some leading vaccine scientists are calling for more resources to research vaccine safety and support people with claims of injury, and asking Kennedy, who has a history as an anti-vaccine activist, to step up.

“Spending money on vaccine safety is not saying vaccines aren’t safe; it’s showing a commitment to continued improvement,” said Y. Tony Yang, a professor of health policy at George Washington University’s Milken Institute School of Public Health.

So far, they’ve been disappointed. While Kennedy gives the public the impression that vaccines are harmful, he hasn’t talked about ways to make them safer. And he’s made the problem worse by cutting programs and dismissing scientists who are most knowledgeable about the problems, according to numerous vaccine experts.

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President Donald Trump’s “Big, Beautiful Bill” passed a key procedural hurdle after a long night of haggling with Republicans but is currently being held up by a marathon speech from House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries.

Jeffries has already spoken for more than four hours, lambasting the opposition for betraying “everyday Americans” by slashing Medicaid and miring the country in debt, calling the bill an “immoral document.”

A floor vote on the bill cannot take place until he yields his time.

Trump’s costly legislative package aims to increase funding for defense and border security at the expense of welfare programs and has divided the GOP, whose narrow 220-212 majority in the House permits only three defections.

Earlier, Trump took to Truth Social to express his frustration, demanding to know: “What are the Republicans waiting for??? What are you trying to prove??? MAGA IS NOT HAPPY, AND IT’S COSTING YOU VOTES!!!”

The House passed an earlier draft in May, but it has since been drastically revised in the Senate, which required a tie-breaking vote from Vice President JD Vance to force through on Tuesday.

Trump has set a loose deadline of July 4 to sign the bill.

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Hakeem

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Creating the conditions of the sun on Earth has been a decades-long, global challenge — but if we crack it, it could mean limitless clean energy. Johanna Wagstaffe visits a Canadian company betting on a bold new approach to get there first.

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Fusion

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Listening to the daily news, with stories of war and conflict, can be disheartening. Unsurprisingly, data suggest that a majority of Americans feel exhausted and hopeless when they think about politics. Some psychologists have argued that Americans suffer from a sort of learned helplessness—the sense that nothing we do will make a difference—from hearing about violence such as mass shootings. We feel the pain of events in the news cycle but see ourselves as powerless to stop them.

In terms of coping with these events, meditation could help in more ways than one. The power of meditation for cultivating personal well-being is hardly a secret. For more than 20 years, neuroscientists have been documenting how mindfulness meditation can help people cultivate calm and improve their mood, among other benefits. Some recent research suggests it can also help people experience deeper psychological transformation, allowing regular practitioners to reach important insights about themselves and their world.

But there’s another consequence of meditation that people do not always anticipate. Despite the ways in which wellness movements have emphasized a highly individualistic way of thinking about meditation and self-care, meditation can also help care for and support others.

When one person takes the time to regularly be still and attend to a specific cue, such as their breath or a mantra, their practice can have spillover benefits for the people around them. It’s an idea that several studies have explored to date and one that dovetails with recent investigations into what scientists call the social ripple effect, or the idea that one person’s behavior, mood, or attitudes can spread throughout a community. It is also a potent reminder of how bringing a spirit of calm and compassion towards oneself may translate into something beneficial to those around us.

Some meditators propose that if enough people had a regular practice, the result would be a world enriched with calm and compassionate people. And there’s science to support that idea. Research demonstrates that people who meditate show increased positivity toward others. For instance, training in meditation is linked to increased sensitivity to and engagement with human suffering and an increased tendency toward altruism. Similarly, meditation interventions aimed at increasing kindness are associated with reduced bias toward numerous “others,” including ethnic out-groups, people experiencing homelessness, and people who face stigma because of their weight.

In one classic study, 20 people received eight weeks of meditation training, and another 19 were put on a wait list for training. Afterward, each participant came to an appointment and had to wait in a crowded room with just one available seat. When a researcher came in, pretending to be another person with an appointment who had a seemingly painful broken foot, the people who had received meditation training were significantly more likely to give up their seat than study participants who had not received this training.

So why might one person’s meditation practice benefit the people around

them? There are many plausible mechanisms. For one, as meditation trains participants to be aware in the present moment, it may promote sensitivity to others’ perspectives and emotions. Another possibility is that we sometimes dismiss others’ pain because it will cause us discomfort, but meditation can help practitioners better cope with negative emotions, making it less painful to engage with and respond to others’ suffering. In line with these ideas, researchers published findings in 2023 that showed that meditation increased people’s concern for the suffering of others—and that, by comparison, people without this practice were more oriented to their own distress.

Meditation may also help people develop strong interpersonal relationships. The practice may leave people in a better mood overall and build up their emotional control, both of which could improve their interactions with others. Last spring, a study that compared 47 physicians who were trained in meditation with 47 who did not have this training found that doctors in the meditation group were less anxious about communicating with their patients and reported having more trust in others. Critically, the meditating participants were also less likely to practice defensive medicine, in which doctors make health care choices based on fear of litigation instead of best practice. The higher-quality social interactions that emerged with meditation training seemed to improve doctor-patient interactions and ultimately the care that doctors provided to their patients.

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In Trump’s second presidency, he has outlined and implemented, at least in part, an ambitious agenda, including several key changes to Social Security, a program that is relied on by millions of Americans. As more changes are likely throughout the year, check back as we outline how they will affect you and your Social Security check.

In 2025, about 73 million Americans will receive Social Security, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or both, according to the Social Security Administration, with nearly $1.6 trillion in benefits paid out annually. Trump’s agenda could directly impact Social Security, a significant source of income for most people over age 65. However, the program is on shaky ground and may need to reduce benefits in ten years if Congress doesn’t make changes to bolster its finances.

Although it’s still early in his second term, here’s what Trump has done with Social Security so far. (A separate story looks at what Trump has done with Medicare so far).

Changes to Social Security in Trump’s ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act is a comprehensive tax and spending package that passed the House of Representatives on May 21, 2025, by a narrow vote. Although Trump had pledged to eliminate federal taxes on Social Security benefits, the bill doesn’t eliminate those taxes, but includes a temporary increase to the standard deduction for older people that could lower taxable income for Social Security recipients.

The bill would also raise the standard deduction by up to $4,000 for people aged 65 and over, starting in 2025 through 2028. Although this change is not aimed directly at Social Security income, it could effectively reduce the taxable burden for retirees whose total income, including benefits, is limited.

The deduction begins to phase out at $75,000 for individuals and $150,000 for married couples filing jointly, making it less relevant for higher-income seniors.

As of the end of June 2025, the Senate is actively debating the bill, which faces both Republican disagreements and Democratic opposition. The Senate version, which is around 940 pages, differs from the House version, with deeper Medicaid cuts and adjustments to tax provisions. If passed by the Senate, the bill will need to return to the House for a final vote due to changes made before the legislation reaches Trump’s desk.

New Deputy Commissioner of Office Operations at the SSA

This past April, the Social Security Administration (SSA) announced the appointment of Stephen Evangelista as the Deputy Commissioner for the Office of Operations. In this role, Evangelista will oversee the SSA’s customer support services, which include oversight of more than 1,200 field offices nationwide, as well as 23 teleservice centers that assist over the phone.

Evangelista has over 25 years of experience in executive leadership roles at SSA, most recently serving as the Assistant Deputy Commissioner for Policy in the Office of Law and Policy.

“Stephen’s proven track record of leadership and his dedication to public service make him an excellent choice for this critical role,” said Lee Dudek, Acting Commissioner of Social Security. “His deep knowledge of the agency’s programs will be an asset as we continue to improve customer service while safeguarding Americans’ hard-earned benefits.”

Trump signs memo stating non-citizens ineligible for Social Security benefits

President Trump signed a memorandum directing the Social Security Administration to take steps to ensure non-citizens who are ineligible for benefits don’t receive any from the SSA. These actions include:

• Expand the SSA’s fraud prosecutor programs
• Investigate earnings reports of people 100 years old or older with mismatched records
• Evaluate reinstatement of SSA’s civil monetary penalty program

The memo states that all non-citizens who have authorization to work in the U.S. must pay all of the existing Social Security and Medicare taxes, and may be able to draw benefits from those systems if they meet the eligibility requirements. In addition to other factors, permanent residents who are non-citizens have a 5-year residency requirement to access Medicare.

If you have student loan debt in default, your SS checks may be at risk.

Beginning May 5, the Department of Education restarted collections of defaulted federal student loans via the Treasury Offset Program, which collects delinquent debts owed to the government by withholding tax refunds and Social Security benefits. After 30 days, the government can start going after your paycheck, withholding up to 15% of a borrower’s disposable income for those in default.

“Borrowers who don’t make payments on time will see their credit scores go down, and in some cases, their wages automatically garnished,” wrote Education Secretary Linda McMahon in an opinion piece for the Wall Street Journal.

Within the next two weeks, affected borrowers should hear from the Office of Federal Student Aid. If you are in default, the Education Department urges you to contact the Debt Resolution website to make a payment, enroll in an income-driven repayment plan, or sign up for loan rehabilitation.

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Sometimes, when the sex is really good, the colors come.

As Holly approaches orgasm, a pastel filter descends over her vision, lasting through her climax and into the afterglow. She tends to see just one or two hues in the form of blurry orbs: seafoam green, bright yellow, black and red, hot pink or white. It’s like peering through tinted glasses, she says, or looking up at an aurora-splashed sky. (Because of the intimate nature of the subject matter, some of the sources interviewed for this story asked to be identified only by their given name or to remain anonymous.)

“It’s been happening as long as I’ve been having sex, as far as I know,” says Holly, a 26-year-old from California—though it doesn’t happen every time. “It’s gotten more intense and colorful as my connections have been better and my orgasms have been better.” When, at 20 years old, she first talked about her experiences with her friends, they were bemused. “I didn’t feel surprised,” she says. “It was just kind of affirming that it was special.”

In people with synesthesia, the brain’s sensory wiring can get crossed. Orgasm synesthesia, or sexual synesthesia, is a little-known form of the phenomenon. Roughly 4 percent of people experience some kind of synesthesia; a common form is the association of colors with certain letters, numbers or sounds. In people with sexual synesthesia, it’s the sensation of orgasm (or occasionally even sensual touch) that provokes the wash of color.

This experience might be more common than we realize: to seek personal accounts, I reached out to friends and my wider communities in New Zealand, asking to hear from anyone who sees colors when they orgasm—and around a dozen immediately responded with their stories.

Some people describe their colors as “like stained glass in a cathedral,” while for others, they’re more like “artisanal soaps” or “paint being hurled at a canvas.” Francesca Radford, a 33-year-old who lives in Auckland, says she tends to see patterns, usually zebra print or reptile scales. Rob, a Web developer in Wellington, says he has had orgasms that begin with pinprick of light and grow into a chaotic mandala, accompanied by vibrations and a roaring in his ears. Cherry Chambers, a bookkeeper from Auckland, once felt she was “shot up out of the deep ocean into a night sky—basically a whirl of colors rushing past,” she says. “That was one of the most intense orgasms I have ever had.”This curious phenomenon has been sporadically documented for decades—the first academic mention is in a 1973 book by psychologist Seymour Fisher called The Female Orgasm—but it has received very little scientific attention, says Richard Cytowic, a pioneering synesthesia expert and a professor of neurology at George Washington University.

In the 1980s Cytowic had to convince colleagues that synesthesia itself was worthy of scientific investigation. This type of sensory crossover is now widely accepted and studied, but its sexual variety is less so. “It’s the kind of thing that’s going to raise eyebrows in university departments,” Cytowic says. “Even though sex is wildly popular, science about it is not.”

Now, though, neuropsychology researcher Cathy Lebeau is trying to learn more. Lebeau, whose own form of synesthesia makes her perceive letters as colored, became fascinated by accounts that suggested that sexual synesthesia could alter consciousness. For her doctoral research at the University of Quebec, she and her supervisor, neuropsychologist François Richer, interviewed 16 people with sexual synesthesia (who all also had other forms of synesthesia) and 11 people with no synesthesia, and had them complete a series of standardized questionnaires.

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