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The president escalated his drive to take charge of the Danish territory, targeting Denmark and seven other European countries with a 10 percent rate.

President Trump announced in a social media post on Saturday morning his latest strategy to get control of Greenland: He is slapping new tariffs on a bloc of European nations until they come to the negotiating table to sell Greenland.

Greenland is a territory of Denmark, which will be hit with a 10 percent tariff on all goods sent to the United States beginning on Feb. 1, Mr. Trump wrote in a social media post. Norway, Sweden, France, Germany, Britain, the Netherlands, and Finland, fellow NATO members that have expressed solidarity with Denmark in its refusal to yield to Mr. Trump’s demands, will also be subject to the 10 percent tariff. If those nations do not relent, he added, the rate will increase to 25 percent on June 1, “until such time as a Deal is reached for the Complete and Total purchase of Greenland.”

The leaders of Europe reacted Saturday with unified outrage to Mr. Trump’s latest coercions on the massive island in the North Atlantic. So, too, did lawmakers in Washington, including some members of the president’s own party. And the abrupt announcement of new tariffs seemed to throw a trade deal Mr. Trump had struck with the European Union into serious doubt.

In his post, Mr. Trump argued that the United States needed to control Greenland as a bulwark against Chinese and Russian ambitions in the Arctic, although the United States already has the right to expand its military presence in Greenland under a 1951 agreement with Denmark.

The president’s new threat comes as the Supreme Court weighs overturning the legal authority that the president would probably use to impose these tariffs. The court is set to rule in the coming weeks on Mr. Trump’s use of an emergency law, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, which the president has used to threaten tariffs at a whim against numerous countries over the past year.

If the court rules against Mr. Trump, he may not be able to impose tariffs like this.

The United States currently charges a 10 percent tariff on British imports and a 15 percent tariff on imports from the European Union, after striking limited trade deals with both governments last year. The new tariffs would presumably be imposed on top of that, and it remains to be seen how other trading partners would respond. Tariffs are paid by importers, not by the products’ country of origin, with the costs often passed on to American consumers.

Just one day ago, during a health care event at the White House, Mr. Trump mused publicly about doing something like this. “I may put a tariff on countries if they don’t go along with Greenland,” he said, almost parenthetically.

A day later, the 445-word post he put up was striking in its language about American allies. It reiterated the worldview Mr. Trump has espoused for decades, which holds that the United States has been getting ripped off and that payback has been a long time coming.

“We have subsidized Denmark, and all of the Countries of the European Union, and others, for many years by not charging them Tariffs, or any other forms of remuneration,” he wrote. “Now, after Centuries, it is time for Denmark to give back — World Peace is at stake!”

He wrote about “all that we have done for them, including maximum protection, over so many decades.”

The post and its threat of new tariffs were a marked escalation in Mr. Trump’s pressure campaign, and European leaders reacted swiftly on Saturday.

President Emmanuel Macron of France wrote on social media, “No intimidation or threat will influence us — neither in Ukraine, nor in Greenland, nor anywhere else in the world when we are confronted with such situations.”

He added that “tariff threats are unacceptable” and that “Europeans will respond in a united and coordinated manner should they be confirmed. We will ensure that European sovereignty is upheld.”

The Swedish prime minister weighed in with a furious response, saying, “We won’t allow ourselves to be blackmailed. Denmark and Greenland alone decide questions that affect Denmark and Greenland.”

Prime Minister Keir Starmer of Britain said in a statement that “applying tariffs on allies for pursuing the collective security of NATO allies is completely wrong,” adding, “We will of course be pursuing this directly with the US administration.”

The leaders of Britain’s main opposition parties were unanimous in their condemnation of Saturday’s announcement. The Conservative Party leader, Kemi Badenoch, said that Mr. Trump was “completely wrong” and that the tariffs were a “terrible idea” for both the United States and Britain.

Nigel Farage, an ally of Mr. Trump whose populist right-wing Reform U.K. party leads Britain’s political polls, made a rare statement in opposition to the president’s policies on social media.

“We don’t always agree with the US government, and in this case, we certainly don’t. These tariffs will hurt us,” he wrote.

Lukas A. Lausen, the director of global trade at the Danish Confederation of Industry, said the tariffs would increase prices and cost jobs on both sides of the Atlantic.

Earlier this week, a delegation from Denmark and Greenland came to Washington to meet with officials from the Trump administration, including Vice President JD Vance and Secretary of State Marco Rubio. Little was achieved.

The Danish foreign minister, Lars Lokke Rasmussen, said in a statement on Saturday that President Trump’s social media post “comes as a surprise” and that Denmark was in “close contact with the European Commission and our other partners on the issue.”

Mr. Trump’s post startled even Republicans in Washington, some of whom reacted publicly on Saturday.

Representative Don Bacon, Republican of Nebraska, said in a social media post that the move was “foolish policy” and he likened it to something President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia would do. He added in an interview with CNN, “I feel like it’s incumbent on folks like me to speak up and say these threats and bullying of an ally are wrong.”

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