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A 9,000-year-old skull found during an excavation of Brazilian ruins represents the earliest known instance of ritual decapitation in the Americas, researchers have determined. The skull was found in 2007, at a dig site in central eastern Brazil known as Lapa do Santo, but studies of it have only just been completed, and were published Wednesday in the journal PLoS One.
André Strauss and colleagues from Germany’s Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology examined the skull and nearby bones and objects minutely and tested their age with radiocarbon dating. The remains were found to be between 9,127 and 9,438 years old — 4,000 years older than the earliest known decapitation in South America, and 1,000 years older than that from North America.
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The skull of Burial 26. The right hand was removed and placed on the face, apparently as part of the burial ritual.
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